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APA 7 Referencing

APA 7 is the style of referencing used by ATC to acknowledge sources. For this assessment you have used both primary sources, such as newspaper articles, and secondary sources including your text book.

You can access our Online Referencing Generator to create references for your sources here:

https://org.slasa.asn.au/apa (Password: ATCstudent)

Follow the format below for both in-text acknowledgement and the Reference List.

For Webpage

Author Surname, Initial. (Date). Title of webpage. Title of website. URL

example

Clements, N. (2014). Tasmania’s Black War: a tragic case of lest we remember? The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/tasmanias-black-war-a-tragic-case-of-lest-we-remember-25663

in-text

Clements (2014) states ...

"Quote ... quote" (Clements, 2014).

For Webpage on a website with a government agency or group/corporate author

Corporate Author. (Date). Title of webpage. Title of website. URL

example

Deadly Story (n.d.). Frontier Wars. https://www.deadlystory.com/page/culture/history/Frontier_wars

Please note

the initials n.d. are used to indicate that the website does not have a last updated or copyright date
the Title of website is removed from the citation when the corporate author is the same as the website name

Acknowledgement of Country

We respect and honour Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Elders past, present and future. We acknowledge the stories, traditions and living cultures of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples on this land and commit to building a brighter future together.

Warning: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are advised that this unit of work may contain images, voices and names of deceased persons.

Frontier Wars

What are the Frontier Wars?
Introductory article from NITV
Australian Frontier Conflicts 1788-1940s
The Australian Frontier Conflicts (1788-1940s) website seeks to document the conflicts between European colonists and Australian Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander peoples.

Resistance and Early Encounters

Colonial Frontier Massacres in Australia, 1788-1930 - Timeline
Information from Interactive map presented as a timeline beginning from 1794. Includes links to primary sources from Trove, the National Library of Australia newspaper database.
Frontier wars
This site offers valuable First Nations perspectives.
Forgotten Rebels - The Koori History Project
A collection of biographies of Aboriginal resistance fighters; chapters on Windradyne, Musquito, Yagan, Jack Napoleon, Dundalli, Jandamurra and the Kalkadoons written by David Lowe.
8 war heroes you didn't learn about in school
The Frontier Wars was the bloodiest conflict on Australian soil. Karina Marlow and Luke Pearson look at eight of the warriors who fought for their people and their land against colonial forces.

Robinson, George Augustus (1791–1866)
George Augustus Robinson (1791-1866), protector of Aboriginals, arrived in Australia at a time when relations between Aboriginals and settlers had almost reached the stage of open hostility. Entry from the Australian Dictionary of Biographies.
Batman's treaty (1835) with the Kulin
Batman's claim to this territory was based on the European idea of land ownership and legal contracts – a concept that was completely foreign to the Indigenous people of Victoria. For them land was not about possession, but belonging. Territories may belong to different groups, but land cannot be bought or sold.
Batman's Treaty transcript
Read a copy of the transcript here

Pemulwuy

Australian National Museum Pemulway
1792: Aboriginal warrior Pemulwuy leads resistance against Sydney colonists
Australian Dictionary of Biography - Pemulwuy
From the National Centre of Biography at the Australian National University

On this day: Pemulwuy is killed
Remembering the Indigenous resistance fighter determined to maintain Aboriginal traditions by resisting British rule article from National Geographic.
Off with his head: prince pledges to return warrior's skull
Article from the SMH discusses Prince William's role in returning Pemulwuy's skull due to a request put to him by Aboriginal elders in Redfern while on a visit to Sydney in 2010.

Myall Creek Massacre (1838)

Myall Creek Massacre by Peter Stewart
Both primary and secondary sources have been used extensively in compiling the information provided on this site. The major secondary source used is “Waterloo Creek” by Roger Milliss which is widely considered the definitive work on the Myall Creek Massacre and the other massacres which occurred in that northern part of the NSW colony around that time.
Myall Creek Massacre (1838) - Creative Spirits
In 1838 white settlers murdered 28 Aboriginal men, women and children near Myall Creek Station. The massacre is a harrowing reminder of Australia's colonial violence and one of the rare cases where killers were tried and hanged.

Inclusive and Respectful Language

Using respectful and inclusive language and terminology is an essential component of reconciliation. The ways we speak about reconciliation is just as important as the ways we act: language in itself is active, and can impact on attitudes, understandings and relationships in a very real and active sense.

While they are guidelines only, below are some recommendations for using respectful and inclusive language and terminology throughout your communications.

* Always capitalise. No matter which term you settle on, always capitalise the term.

* Be specific. Use the name of the community, or the nation of a person, rather than generic terms.

* Acknowledge diversity. Use plurals to indicate you are aware of diversity: peoples, nations, cultures, histories, perspectives, etc.

* Use present tense. First Nations cultures and peoples exist right now. Only use past tense for things that are history.

* Emphasise strength. Use language that resonates with strength and empowerment, rather than need and deficiency.

* Avoid stereotypes. Be very aware of common myths and stereotypes and avoid them at all costs

Source: Appropriate words & terminology for First Nations topics - Creative Spirits

Short and Long Term Consequences of Contact

Timeline: Recognition of Australia's Indigenous people
The omission of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in the nation's constitution in 1901 has led to more than a century of debate over how best to recognise Australia's Indigenous people. Here is a timeline that details Indigenous people's fight for recognition throughout Australian history.